SSI Monographs
The Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) is the US Army's institute for geostrategic and national security research and analysis. It provides an environment for military officers and government civilians to explore a wide range of strategic military issues. SSI Monographs focus on trends and issues of strategic importance and provide policy recommendations to the national security community.
This publication is subject to Title 17, United States Code, Sections 101 and 105. It is in the public domain and may not be copyrighted.
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- Governance, Identity, and Counterinsurgency
- The Impact of President Felipe Calderon's War on Drugs on the Armed Forces
- A National Security Staff for the 21st Century
- India's Changing Afghanistan Policy: Regional and Global Implications
- Venezuela as an Exporter of 4th Generation Warfare Instability
- Jihadist Cells and "IED" Capabilities in Europe: Assessing the Present and Future Threat to the West
- The Future of American Landpower: Does Forward Presence Still Matter?
- State-Building Challenges in a Post-Revolution Libya
- How Nation-States Craft National Security Strategy Documents
- Perspectives on Russian Foreign Policy
- The Prospects for Security Sector Reform in Tunisia
- Russia and the Current State of Arms Control
- Hidden Dragon, Crouching Lion
- Lead Me, Follow Me, Or Get Out of My Way
- Russia's Homegrown Insurgency
- Against All Odds: Relations between NATO and the MENA Region
- Transnational Organized Crime, Terrorism, and Criminalized States in Latin America
- Culture, Identity, and Information Technology in the 21st Century
- Arms Control and European Security
- The Promise and Pitfalls of Grand Strategy
- Can Russia Reform? Economic, Political, and Military Perspectives
- The Role of Small States in the Post-Cold War Era
- Disjointed Ways, Disunified Means
- Lessons of the Iraqi De-Ba'athification Program for Iraq's Future and the Arab Revolutions
- Drug Trafficking, Violence, and Instability
- Enabling Unity of Effort in Homeland Response Operations
- Ambassador Stephen Krasner’s Orienting Principle for Foreign Policy (and Military Management)
- Delegitimizing Al-Qaeda
- Once Again, the Challenge to the US Army During a Defense Reduction
- Categorical Confusion? The Strategic Implications of Recognizing Challenges Either as Irregular or Traditional
- The Saudi-Iranian Rivalry and the Future of Middle East Security
- The Strategic Logic of the Contemporary Security Dilemma
- The United States and China in Power Transition
- Organizational Change in the Russian Airborne Forces
- Arms Control and Proliferation Challenges to the Reset Policy
- Russian Nuclear Weapons: Past, Present, and Future
- Chinese Lessons from Other Peoples’ Wars
- Forecasting Zero: US Nuclear History and the Low Probability of Disarmament
- Mexico's "Narco-Refugees"
- Threat Posed by Mounting Vigilantism in Mexico
- Puncturing the Counterinsurgency Myth
- Presidential Succession Scenarios in Egypt and Their Impact on US-Egyptian Strategic Relations
- China-Latin America Military Engagement
- The New Aztecs
- The North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the European Union's Common Security and Defense Policy
- The Russian Military and the Georgia War
- Military Modernization and the Russian Ground Forces
- Resolving Insurgencies
- Rebuilding Armed Forces
- Hard Power and Soft Power
- Central Asian Security Trends
- Resolving Ethical Challenges in an Era of Persistent Conflict
- Civilian Skills for African Military Officers to Resolve the Infrastructure, Economic Development, and Stability Crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa
- India in America: Implications of an Emerging Power for Africom and US Strategy
- Russian Military Politics and Russia's 2010 Defense Doctrine
- Defining War for the 21st Century
- The Conflicts in Yemen and US National Security
- Russia's Prospects in Asia
- La Familia Drug Cartel
- North Korea's Nuclear Question
- Operation EUFOR TCHAD/RCA and the European Union's Common Security and Defense Policy
- Preparing for One War and Getting Another?
- Dilemmas of Brazilian Grand Strategy
- Got Vision? Unity of Vision in Policy and Strategy
- Organizing to Compete in the Political Terrain
- Towards a US Army Officer Corps Strategy for Success
- Decisionmaking in Operation Iraqi Freedom
- Crime, Violence, and the Crisis in Guatemala
- Sufism in Northern Nigeria
- Implications of a Changing NATO
- Human Intelligence: All Humans, All Minds, All the Time
- Thinking About Nuclear Power in Post-Saddam-Iraq
- The Construction of Liberal Democracy
- Transnational Insurgencies and the Escalation of Regional Conflict
- The Army Officers' Professional Ethic
- Do Oil Exports Fuel Defense Spending?
- Accessing Talent: The Foundation of a US Army Officer Corps Strategy
- Decisionmaking in Operation Iraqi Freedom: Removing Saddam Hussein by Force
- Towards a US Army Officer Corps Strategy for Success: Retaining Talent
- The Effects of Multile Deployments on Army Adolescents
- Medvedev's Plan: Giving Russia a Voice but not a Veto in a New European Security System
- Talent: Implications for U.S. Army Officer Corps Strategy
- Schools for Strategy
- YouTube War: Fighting in a World of Cameras in Every Cell Phone and Photoshop on Every Computer
- The Army's Professional Military Ethic in an Era of Persistent Conflict
- Russian Elite Image of Iran: From the Late Soviet Era to the Present
- Escalation and Intrawar Deterrence During Limited Wars in the Middle East
- Dealing With Political Ferment in Latin America
- A "New" Dynamic in the Western Hemisphere Security Environment
- Alien: How Operational Art Devoured Strategy
- Challenges and Opportunities for the Obama Administration in Central Asia
- New Partnerships for a New Era
- Criminals, Militias, and Insurgents: Organized Crime in Iraq
- Mexico's Narco-Insurgency and US Counterdrug Policy
- State and Nonstate Associated Gangs: Credible "Midwives of New Social Orders"
- Towards a U.S. Army Officer Corps Strategy for Success: A Proposed Human Capital Model Focused upon Talent
- New NATO Members: Security Consumers or Producers?
- Russia and Arms Control: Are There Opportunities for the Obama Administration?
- Japan's Decision for War in 1941: Some Enduring Lessons
- Kazakhstan's Defense Policy: An Assessment of the Trends
- Russia, China, and the United States in Central Asia: Prospects for Great Power Competition and Cooperation in the Shadow of the Georgian Crisis
- After Iraq: The Search for a Sustainable National Security Strategy
- Key Strategic Issues 2009
- Affairs of State
- Hamas and Israel
- War without Borders: The Columbia-Ecuador Crisis of 2008
- Regional Spillover Effects of the Iraq War
- Known Unknowns: Unconventional "Strategic Shocks" in Defense Strategy Development
- Slowing Military Change
- The 2006 Lebanon Campaign and the Future of Warfare: Implications for Army and Defense Policy
- The American Military Advisor: Dealing with Senior Foreign Officials in the Islamic World
- China-Russia Security Relations: Strategic Parallelism without Partnership or Passion?
- From the New Middle Ages to a New Dark Age: The Decline of the State and US Strategy
- Wars of Ideas and The War of Ideas
- Baloch Nationalism and the Geopolitics of Energy Resources: The Changing Context of Separatism in Pakistan
- Drug Intoxicated Irregular Fighters: Complications, Dangers, and Responses
- Security Sector Reform in Liberia: Mixed Results from Humble Beginnings
- The Political Context Behind Successful Revolutionary Movements
- Building for the Future
- Projecting Pyongyang: The Future of North Korea's Kim Jong Il Regime
- Towards a New Russia Policy
- A Contemporary Challenge to State Sovereignty: Gangs and Other Illicit Transnational Criminal Organizations in Central America, El Salvador, Mexico, Jamaica and Brazil
- Regional Threats and Security Strategy: The Troubling Case of Today's Middle East
- Russian Security Strategy Under Putin: U.S. and Russian Perspectives
- Force and Restraint in Strategic Deterrence
- On the Uses of Cultural Knowledge
- The United States and ASEAN-China Relations
- The Eastern Dimension of America's New European Allies
- The Reserve Policies of Nations: A Comparative Analysis
- Turkmenistan and Central Asia After Niyazov
- Egypt: Security, Political and Islamist Challenges
- Kuwaiti National Security and the US-Kuwaiti Strategic Relationship after Saddam
- China's Expansion into and U.S. Withdrawal from Argentina's Telecommunications and Space Industries and the Implications for U.S. National Security
- Egypt: Security, Political, and Islamist Challenges
- American Grand Strategy for Latin America in the Age of Resentment
- Security Requirements for Post-Transition Cuba
- Negotiation in the New Strategic Environment: Lessons from Iraq
- Latin America's New Security Reality: Irregular Asymmetric Conflict and Hugo Chavez
- ASEAN and it's Security Offspring: Facing New Challenges
- The Implications of Preemptive and Preventive War Doctrines: A Reconsideration
- Rethinking Insurgency
- Political Trends in the New Eastern Europe: Ukraine and Belarus
- Strategic Competition and Resistance in the 21st Century
- China's Nuclear Forces
- Ukraine's Military Between East and West
- Russian-American Security Cooperation After St.Petersburg
- The Politics of Identity
- North Korea's Military Threat
- North Korean Foreign Relations in the Post-Cold War World
- U.S. Interests in Central Asia and the Challenges to Them
- Political Warfare in Sub-Saharan Africa
- Chinese Perceptions of Traditional and Nontraditional Security Threats
- Biodefense Research Supporting the DoD
- Understanding Indian Insurgencies
- Russia, the United States, and the Caucasus
- Russia and the European Union: The Sources and Limits of "Special Relationships"
- The Iraq War
- Globalization and its Implications for the Defense Industrial Base
- Georgia After the Rose Revolution
- Rosoboroneksport: Arms Sales and the Structure of Russian Defense Industry
- The New Totalitarians: Social Identities and Radical Islamist Political Grand Strategy
- Learning from Iraq
- Russian Nonproliferation Policy and the Korean Peninsula
- Challenging Transformation's Clichés
- Regional Fears of Western Primacy and the Future of US Middle Eastern Basing Policy
- Russian Defense Reform: Current Trends
- Russia, Iran, and the Nuclear Question: The Putin Record
- The NATO- Russia Partnership
- Iran, Iraq, and the United States
- Defense Transformation: To What, for What?
- Ukraine After the Orange Revolution
- China-ASEAN Relations
- North Korean Civil-Military Trends
- US Army War College Key Strategic Issues List 2006
- The Proliferation Security Initiative as a new Paradigm for Peace and Security
- Preventive War and its Alternatives: The Lessons of History
- Counterterrorism in African Failed States: Challenges and Potential Solutions
- Multilateral Constraints on the Use of Force: A Reassessment
- Kim Jong Il and North Korea: The Leader and the System
- Irregular Enemies and the Essence of Strategy: Can the American Way of War adapt?
- Iron Troikas: The new Threat from the East
- CU @ the FOB: How the Forward Operating Base is changing the life of combat soldiers
- Training Indigenous Forces in Counterinsurgency
- Recognizing and Understanding Revolutionary Change in Warfare: The Sovereignty of Context
- Information Operations: Putting the "i" back into Dime
- Strategic Theory for the 21st Century: The Little Book on Big Strategy
- The Mexican Armed Forces in Transition
- Assessing the Biological Weapons and Bioterrorism Threat
- A Hundred Osamas: Islamist Threats and the Future of Counterinsurgency
- Revisions in need of Revising: What went wrong in the Iraq War
- Going to War with the Allies you have: Allies, Counterinsurgency, and the War on Terrorism
- Fourth-Generation War and other Myths
- Coup d'Oeil: Strategic Intuiton in Army Planning
- Venezuela's Hugo Chávez, Bolivarian Socialism, and Asymmetric Warfare
- Precedents, Variables, and Options in Planning a US Military Disengagement Strategy from Iraq
- Getting Ready for a Nuclear-Ready Iran
- Balik-Terrorism: The Return of the Abu Sayyaf
- Natural Allies? Regional Security in Asia and Prospects for Indo-American Strategic Cooperation
- Contractors on Deployed Military Operations: United Kingdom Policy and Doctrine
- Appeasement Reconsidered: Investigating the Mythology of the 1930s
- After Two Wars: Reflecting on the American Strategic Revolution in Central Asia
- Democratization versus Liberalization in the Arab World: Dilemmas and Challenges for US Foreign Policy
- Law vs. War: Competing Approaches to Fighting Terrorism
- North Korea's Strategic Intentions
- Sustainability of Colombian Military/Strategic Support for "Democratic Security"
- US Army War College Key Strategic Issues List
- US Defense Strategy After Saddam
- Budget Policy, Deficits, and Defense: A Fiscal Framework for Defense Planning
- Pseudo Operations and Counterinsurgency: Lessons from Other Countries
- The Strategic Implications of the Rise of Populism in Europe and South America
- US National Security Implications of Chinese Involvement in Latin America
- Afghanistan: Reconstituting a Collapsed State
- American Grand Strategy after 9/11: An Assessment
- The Transatlantic Defense Industrial Base: Restructuring Scenarios and their Implications
- Transformation and Strategic Surprise
- Saudi Arabia: Islamic Threat, Political Reform, and the Global War on Terrorism
- Street Gangs: The New Urban Insurgency
- Strategic Implications of Intercommunal Warfare in Iraq
- The US-India Relationship: Strategic Partnership or Complementary Interests?
- Insurgency in Iraq: An Historical Perspective
- The Impact of Missile Threats on the Reliability of US Oversea Bases: A Framework for Analysis
- Deception 101 - Primer on Deception
- US-Ukraine Military Relations and the Value of Interoperability
- Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in the 21st Century: Reconceptualizing Threat and Response
- Shadows of Things Past and Images of the Future: Lessons for the Insurgencies in our Midst
- Civil-Military Cooperation in Peace Operations: The Case of Kosovo
- Current and Future Challenges for Asian Nonproliferation Export Controls: A Regional Response
- Islamic Rulings on Warfare
- Britain's Role in US Missile Defense
- Developing Adaptive Leaders: The Crucible Experience of Operating Iraqi Freedom
- Iraq and Vietnam: Differences, Similarities, and Insights
- Learning from the Stones: A Go approach to Mastering China's Strategic Concept, Shi
- Strategic Consequences of the Iraq War: US Security Interests in Central Asia Reassessed
- The Exigencies of Global, Integrated Warfare: The Evolving Role of the CJCS and His Dedicated Staff
- China and North Korea: From Comrades-In-Arms to Allies at Arm's Length
- Security in the Americas: Neither Evolution nor Devolution - Impasse
- Toward an American Way of War
- Countering Global Terrorism: Developing the Antiterrorist Capabilities of the Central Asian Militaries
- Reconfiguring the American Military Presence in Europe
- The United States and Iraq's Shi'ite Clergy: Partners or Adversaries?
- Paths Diverging? The next Decade in the US-Japan Security Alliance
- Bounding the Global War on Terrorism
- Insurgency in Nepal
- The Future of the Austrailan-US Security Relationship
- From 'Defending Forward' to a 'Global Defense-in-Depth': Globalization and Homeland Security
- Army Professional Expertise and Jurisdictions
- Building Regional Security Cooperation in the Western Hemisphere: Issues and Recommendations
- Rethinking Asymmetric Threats
- Strategic Leadership Competencies
- Maintaining Effective Deterrence
- Assessing the Impact of US-Israeli Relations on the Arab World
- Nationalism, Sectarianism, and the Future of the US Presence in Post-Saddam Iraq
- Perspectives from Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia
- Socio-Economic Roots of Radicalism? Towards Explaining the Appeal of Islamic Radicals
- Why They Fight: Combat Motivation in the Iraq War
- Chairmen Joint Chiefs of Staff's Leadership using the Joint Strategic Planning System in the 1990's
- Future War/Future Battlespace: The Strategic Role of American Landpower
- Plan Colombia: Reality of the Colombian Crisis and Implications for Hemispheric Security
- Afghanistan and the Future of Warfare
- European Adaptation to Expeditionary Warfare: Implications for the US Armay
- Colombia's Conflicts: The Spillover Effects of a Wider War
- Dragon on Terrorism: Assessing China's Tactical Gains and Strategic Losses Post-September 11
- Growing US Security Interests in Central Asia
- Avoiding Vietnam: The US Army's Response to Defeat in Southeast Asia
- Clausewitz's Center of Gravity: Changing our Warfighting Doctrine-Again!
- A 21st Century Security Architecture for the Americas
- The Future of Transcaspian Security
- Hizballah: Terrorism, National Liberation, or Menace?
- Pax NATO: The Opportunities of Enlargement
- Tweaking NATO
- China and Strategic Culture
- Facing the Hydra: Maintaining Strategic Balance while Pursuing a Global War Against Terrorism
- Nonstate Actors in Colombia: Threat and Response
- Stifled Innovation?
- The Inescapable Global Security Arena
- Military Presence in the Gulf: Challenges and Prospects
- Defining and Achieving Decisive Victory
- The Past as Prologue? A History of US Counterinsurgency Policy in Colombia, 1958-66
- The New Craft of Intelligence
- Colombian Army Adaptation to FARC Insurgency
- The Intervention Debate: Towards a Posture of Principled Judgment
- Colombia's Paramilitaries
- ESDP and Missile Defense
- Funding Defense
- The Hart-Rudman Commission and the Homeland Defense
- Internal Wars
- Jihadi Groups, Nuclear Pakistan, and the New Great Game
- Educating International Security Practitioners
- The Regional Security Crisis in the Andes
- European Perceptions of Plan Colombia: A Virtual Contribution to a Virtual War and Peace Plan
- The Search for Accountability and Transparency in Plan Colombia
- Fighting the Hobbesian Trinity in Colombia
- Landpower and Crises: Army Roles and Missions in Smaller-Scale Contingencies During the 1990s
- Generations Apart: Xers and Boomers in the Officer Corps
- Multinational Land Forces and the Nato Force Structure Review
- The United States and Colombia: Untying the Gordian Knot
- European Security: Washington's Shaping Strategy in Action
- Landpower and Dual Containment
- Transnational Threats from the Middle East
- The Future U.S. Military Presence in Asia
- Landpower and Ambiguous Warfare
- Colombia's Three Wars: U.S. Strategy at the Crossroads
- East Asia in Crisis
- Security Implications of the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction in the Middle East
- The Economic Crisis and ASEAN States' Security
- China's Military Potential
- Opening Pandora's Box: Ethnicity and Central Asian Militaries
- Defining US Atlantic Commands Role in the Power Projection Strategy
- NATO After Enlargement
- Breaking Away from the Bear
- Halt Phase Strategy: New Wine in Old Skins... with Powerpoint
- On Diversity
- The Political-Military Rivalry for Operational Control in US Military Actions
- Nonlethality and American Land Power
- Reforming NATO's Military Structures
- Conflict and Conflict Resolution in the Sahel
- New Century, Old Thinking: The Dangers of the Perceptual Gap in US-China Relations
- European Security and NATO Enlargement: A View from Central Europe
- The Role of the Armed Forces in the Americas
- Evolutionary Technology in the Current Revolution in Military Affairs
- Russia's Armed Forces on the Brink of Reform
- Five Dimensional (Cyber) Warfighting
- Force Planning Considerations for Army XXI
- Joint US Army-Navy War Planning on the Eve of the First World War
- Searching for Stable Peace in the Persian Gulf
- NATO Enlargement and the Baltic States
- Military Medical Operations in Sub-Saharan Africa
- National Defense into the 21 Century: Defining the Issues
- Haiti Update
- Multinational Land Formations and NATO
- The Peace Process, Phase One: Past Accomplishments, Future Concerns
- Asian Security to the Year 2000
- The ASEAN Regional Forum
- Force, Statecraft and German Unity: The Struggle to Adapt Institutions and Practices
- Managing Strains in the Coalition: What to do about Saddam?
- Civil Military Relations and the Not-Quite Wars of the Present and the Future
- The Strategist and the Web Revisited
- Managing a Changing Relationship Chinas Japan Policy in the 1990s
- Finnish Security And European Security Policy
- What's with the Relationship Between America's Army and China's PLA?
- Unification of the United States Armed Forces
- Indias Security Environment Towards the Year 2000
- China's Quest for Security in the Post-Cold War World
- China's Transition into the 21st Century
- US Participation in IFOR
- Central Asia: A New Great Game?
- Reform, Conflict and Security in Zaire
- Russian Security Policy in the Asia-Pacific Region
- Yemen and Stability in the Persian Gulf
- China and the Revolution in Military Affairs
- The Invitation to Struggle
- The Troubled Path to the Pentagon's Rules on Media Access to the Battlefield
- China's Strategic View
- Shaping China's Future in World Affairs: The US Role
- Prague, NATO and European Security
- Whither Haiti?
- International Politics in Northeast Asia: The China- Japan- United States Strategic Triangle
- The Future of American Landpower
- The Strategist and the Web
- Federal Budget Policy and Defense Strategy
- World View: The 1996 Strategic Assessment from the Strategic Studies Institute
- Armies and Democracy in the New Africa
- War and Peace in the Amazon
- Deciphering the Balkan Enigma
- Strategic Plans, Joint Doctrine and Antipodean Insights
- Strategic Art: The New Discipline for 21st Century Leaders
- A Theory of Fundamentalism
- Mexico and the Future
- US Department of Defense Strategic Planning
- US Policy in the Balkans
- The Principles of War in the 21st century: Strategic Consideratios
- Strategy and the Revolution in Military Affairs
- The Revolution in Military Affairs: Prospects and Cautions
- The Fog of Peace
- The Technological Fix: Weapons and the Cost of War
- Time's Cycle and National Military Strategy
- Mexico in Crisis
- Canada, Getting it Right This Time
- Making Do with Less, or Coping with Upton's Ghost
- NATO Strategy in the 1990s: Reaping the Peace Dividend or the Whirlwind?
- Reform and the Revolution in Russian Defense Economics
- Terrorism: National Security Policy and the Home Front
- The European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy
- American Civil Military Relations
- Ready for What and Modernized Against Whom?
- Strategic Implications of the US-DPRK Framework Agreement
- The Army in the Information Age
- The National Security Strategy
- Energy, Economics, and Security in Central Asia: Russia and Its Rivals
- Counterinsurgency: Strategy and the Phoenix of American Capability
- The CFE Treaty: A Cold War Anachronism?
- World View: The 1995 Strategic Assessment from the Strategic Studies Institute
- Assad and the Peace Process
- Russia's Invasion of Chechnya
- The Awakening: The Zapatista Revolt and its Implications for Civil-Military Relations and the Future of Mexico
- Pandora's Box Reopened
- Total Force: Federal Reserves and State National Guards
- Counterforce and Theater Missile Defense
- Security Cooperation with China
- Hamas and Hizbollah
- Haiti Strategy: Control, Legitimacy, Sovereignity, Rule of Law, Handoffs and Exit
- Germany, France and Nato
- The Impact of the Media on National Security Policy Decision Making
- Russian Policy and the Korean Crisis
- Disaster and Intervention in Sub-Saharan Africa
- French Policy Towards NATO
- Energy and Security in Transcaucasia
- Partnership for Peace: Discerning Fact from Fiction
- US Africa Policy
- The Revolution in Military Affairs and Conflict Short of War
- Whither the RMA
- Two Historians in Technology and War
- Russia's New Doctrine: Two Views
- Responding to Terrorism Across the Technological Spectrum
- Another View of the Revolution in Military Affairs
- Proliferation and Non-Proliferation in Ukraine
- The New Russia in the New Asia
- Trends in German Defense Policy
- Nuclear Threats from Small States
- The Revolution in Military Affairs
- War in the Information Age
- National Interest: From Abstraction to Strategy
- America in the Third World
- Japans Self- Defense Forces: What Dangers to Northeast Asia?
- The Owl of Minerva Flies at Twilight: Doctrinal Change and Continuity and the Revolution in Military Affairs
- Environmental Security: A DOD Partnership for Peace
- World View: The 1994 Strategic Assessment from the Strategic Studies Institute
- Shari'a Law, Cult Violence and System Change in Egypt
- Ethnic Conflict: Implications for the Army of the Future
- Reconciling the Irreconcilable
- The Mexican Military Approaches the 21st Century
- Can Europe Survive Maastricht?
- Meeting the Challenges of Regional Security
- Where Does Cuba Stand?
- The Military-News Media Relationship: Thinking Forward
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